Parker v. Parker
In New Jersey fair value determination, following precedent, court finds defendant’s conduct justifies use of a marketability discount because he was oppressing shareholder who created “extraordinary circumstances” necessitating forced buyout; court rejec ...
Latest methodology and practices for DLOM examined
A blue-ribbon panel of experts review the primary DLOM methods and reveal new survey data on which methods valuators rely on most.
A General Option Valuation Approach to Discount for Lack of Marketability
A general option-based approach to estimating the discount for lack of marketability is offered. It is general enough to capture maturity, volatility, hedging availability, and investor skill, as well as other important factors. The model is shown to contain several option-based models as special cases. The model also contains two weighting variables that provide valuation professionals much needed flexibility in addressing the unique challenges of each nonmarketable valuation assignment. Selected prior empirical results are reinterpreted ...
What DLOM methods are now used the most?
Is there a consensus yet on the method to use for estimating a discount for lack of marketability (DLOM)? Find out by taking a short survey.
Reminder: Take our DLOM survey
Our thanks to those who have responded so far to our survey designed to narrow down the methods most frequently used for determining a discount for lack of marketability (DLOM).
Find out what DLOM methods are used the most
It’s easy to lose count of all of the different methods for determining a discount for lack of marketability (DLOM), arguably one of the most debated topics in business valuation.
IRS inundated with comments on proposed IRC 2704 regs
Over the past week, over 100 new comments have been submitted to the IRS about the controversial proposed Section 2704 regs designed to rein in estate tax valuations. That brings the total comments to almost 200, but it's hoped that many more will come in before the due date of November 2.
Estimating Discounts for Lack of Marketability: Understanding Alternative Approaches—Put Options Versus Monetizing an Option Collar
The method for calculating a discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) has been a subject of debate for several years. Professionals have searched for alternatives to the traditional sources to quantify the DLOM. This search has led to increasing reliance on the use of financial derivatives to help determine a proxy for the DLOM. The most common derivative used to quantify DLOM is some form of put option. However, research is ongoing concerning the use ...
Appraisers see spike in engagements due to proposed Section 2704 regs
At the ASA Advanced Business Valuation Conference last week in Boca Raton, Fla., valuation practitioners told us that they are seeing an increase in valuation engagements triggered by the proposed Section 2704 regulations. They expect the increased business to gain steam as the regs continue to sink in with attorneys, wealth planners, and clients.
Challenge to new Section 2704 regulations is shaping up
The accounting, valuation, and legal professions are hard at work to defeat the Treasury Department's proposed Section 274 regulations. The new regs would curtail, if not entirely eliminate, valuation discounts in family-controlled entities.
Act now to avert tough IRS crackdown on estate valuations
Well-crafted comments can change the course of the controversial proposed IRC Section 2704 regs designed to curb estate valuation discounts. There's a concern that, if these regs are finalized as proposed, the federal government will go after valuation discounts in other contexts. Comments are due by November 2, and there's a public hearing in Washington on December 1.
Appeals Court Signs Off on ‘Slight’ DLOM in Minority Interest Valuation
Appeals court says use of DLOM in valuing interest for divorce depends on interest’s characteristics not owner’s intent to sell the interest, but appeals court affirms trial court’s decision to apply “slight” or no DLOM based on intent to sell analysis.
Unilateral Partnership Dissolution Exacts Steep Price From Wrongdoer
New York appellate court says trial court erred when it declined to apply minority discount in determining “value” of minority shareholder’s interest in partnership where shareholder wrongfully dissolved partnership and buyout was not a fair value proceed ...
Proposed method to deal with confusion over discounts
A number of leading valuation experts have called for the profession to speak with one voice and eliminate the confusion over the use of discounts. One valuation expert offers up some nomenclature and—more importantly—a framework that he hopes will help with this thorny issue.
High Court Pushes Back on Mandatory Discounts in Fair Value Determinations
In key ruling, state high court “expressly” rejects bright-line requirement to apply minority and marketability discounts in all fair value determinations; court says discounts are “just another fact that a court may consider in determining fair value.”
Manipulation of Valuation of Bequeathed Stock Sinks Charitable Contribution Claim
Tax Court says executor of estate in series of post-death measures changed the value and size of decedent’s stock donation and may not claim date-of-death value of assets not actually transferred to family foundation; court affirms estate tax deficiency.
Tenn. appeals court muddies the waters regarding use of DLOM in divorce valuation
So much for clarity. A recent Tennessee appeals court decision hinged on the issue of whether a marketability discount was appropriate in the valuation of the husband’s interests in three real estate development partnerships. In reviewing the trial court’s analysis, the appeals court suggested that the lower court misunderstood the principle behind DLOM but ultimately upheld the lower court’s findings. The resulting decision leaves valuators in a pickle as to when to apply the discount and at what rate.
NACVA's star-studded silver anniversary conference
Shannon Pratt, Roger Grabowski, Jim Hitchner, Nancy Fannon, and the Honorable Judge David Laro of the Tax Court are just a few of valuation thought leaders dubbed by NACVA as “industry titans” who gave presentations at the organization’s 25th anniversary conference in San Diego
No Place for DLOM and Tax Affecting in New York Fair Value Determination
In statutory fair value proceeding to enable buyout of minority interest in limited liability companies, New York court says prevailing expert opinion understates future income stream; court upward adjusts by eliminating DLOM and disallowing tax affecting ...
Congel v Malfitano (I)
New York appellate court says trial court erred when it declined to apply minority discount in determining “value” of minority shareholder’s interest in partnership where shareholder wrongfully dissolved partnership and buyout was not a fair value proceed ...
Grant v. Grant
Appeals court says use of DLOM in valuing interest for divorce depends on interest’s characteristics not owner’s intent to sell the interest, but appeals court affirms trial court’s decision to apply “slight” or no DLOM based on intent to sell analysis.
Shareholder Agreement Sparks Suit Over Discount Use in FMV Calculation
Probate court says expert and other testimony aiding in interpretation of ambiguous shareholder agreement shows that fair market value determination of decedent’s minority interest allowed for use of discounts for lack of marketability and control.
Lay Testimony About Offer to Buy Represents Admissible Valuation Evidence
Appeals court says nonexpert testimony on a real-world offer to buy owner-spouse’s company was relevant and, therefore, admissible because it provided valuation evidence based on market approach; court remands for rehearing on all valuation testimony.
Shareholder Agreement Sparks Suit Over Discount Use in FMV Calculation
Appeals court affirms probate court’s ruling that ambiguous shareholder agreement requiring determination of fair market value of decedent’s minority interest in closely held companies accommodated use of discounts for lack of marketability and control.
Wagner v. Wagner
In key ruling, state high court “expressly” rejects bright-line requirement to apply minority and marketability discounts in all fair value determinations; court says discounts are “just another fact that a court may consider in determining fair value.”